NARRATION (Reported Speech)

                         NARRATION (Reported Speech)
Narration: Narration, also known as reported speech or indirect speech, refers to the way of reporting someone else’s words or thoughts. It is an essential part of English grammar, as it helps in communicating what someone said or thought in the past, without directly quoting them.

There are two types of narrations in English grammar -
1.Direct Speech
2.Indirect Speech 
1. Direct Speech :- It refers to the exact words spoken by someone, and it is represented within quotation marks ("  ").
Ex. Deepshikha said,"I am going to the store."

 2. Indirect Speech :- It refers to the reported words of someone, without using the exact words. In indirect speech, the speaker's words are change according to the rules of Narration.
Ex. Deepshikha said that she was going to the store.

Direct speech has two parts. 
Example- He said,"I am hungry."
(Reporting speech): He said           (Reported speech): I am hungry.

1. Reporting speech: That part of direct speech which remains outside the inverted commas("...") is called Reporting speech.
The verb used in reporting speech is called Reporting verb and the subject is called Reporter (the subject of Reporting verb) and the object is called the object of reporting verb.
Example
   Mohan said to Sohan,"I help you."
Here,
Mohan - Reporter
said to - Reporting verb
Sohan - The object of reporting verb
I help you- Reported speech

2. Reported Speech: That part of direct speech which remains inside the inverted commas("...") is called Reported speech. 

Note : Reporting verb can be used at the beginning, middle or end of the sentence.

Rules to Change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech

1. General Rules
   (i)   Change of Person
   (ii)  Change of Tense
   (iii) Change of Other parts of speech
2. Special Rules
(Some rules are according to the kinds of Sentences)
   (i)    Assertive Sentence (Statement)
   (ii)   Interrogation Sentence (Question)
   (iii)  Imperative Sentence (Command)
   (iv)  Exclamatory Sentence (Exclamation)
   (v)   Optative Sentence 

1. General Rules
(i) Change of Person

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